Introduction : How to read a primary source
The Middle East and North Africa in the nineteenth century. Central political reforms and local responses ; Economic changes ; Social and cultural reformulations
Making nations in the Middle East, 1900-1949. Ideas of nationalism ; Contested nationalisms
The rise of postindependence states, 1950-2000. Restricting authority ; Crisis of the state
The Middle East today. Islamic political movements since 1964 ; Subaltern groups ; The future of the Middle East and North Africa.