Geography of trafficking: from drug smuggling to modern-day slavery

Introduction

Pt. 1: Trafficking origins, transportation, and destinations

The trafficking process

International boundaries

International migration

Piracy

Pt. 2: Human trafficking

The universal declaration of human rights

The slave trade in historical perspective

Slavery

Debt bondage

Forced labor

Prostitution, the sex trade, and trafficking

Marriage trafficking

Adoption and trafficking

Orphans and trafficking

Refugees

Indigenous and marginalized populations

Pt. 3: Trafficking in commodities

Antiquities, art, and cultural property

Armaments

Drugs and drug trafficking

Gems and precious stones

Wildlife

Elephants and the ivory trade

Trafficking in rhinoceros horns

Pt. 4: Country profiles

Afghanistan

The Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania)

Barbados

Brazil

Bulgaria and Romania

Canada

Central America

Central Asia

China

Colombia

Côte d'Ivoire

Germany

Guinea

Haiti and the Dominican Republic

India

Indonesia

Jamaica

Laos

Malaysia

Mauritania

Mexico

Myanmar

Namibia

Nepal

The Netherlands

Nigeria

North Africa

Papua New Guinea

Paraguay

Philippines

Qatar

Russia

Scandinavia

Singapore

Somalia

South Africa

South Sudan

Spain

Switzerland

Syria

Thailand

Transcaucasia

Trinidad and Tobago

Turkey

Ukraine

United Arab Emirates

United States

Vietnam

Part 5: Primary documents

Abolishing Slavery and its Contemporary Forms (2002)

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property

Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings

Global Report on Trafficking in Persons

Human Trafficking and United Nations Peacekeeping

International Drug Control Conventions

International Drug Control Cooperation

Kimberley Process Certification Scheme

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children

Southeast Asia Opium Survey

United Nations Security Council, Resolution 2020

United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund on Contemporary Forms of Slavery: Report of the Secretary-General

The United States Department of State, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Minimum Standards for the Elimination of Trafficking in Persons

The United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Trafficking in Persons Report 2016: Tier Placements

Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000

World Drug Report

Selected bibliography

Index

About the authors.